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Unidad del controlador de acceso ACU2

La unidad 2 del controlador de acceso de Huawei es una unidad de servicios de valor agregado utilizada en un switch de chasis y proporciona capacidades de control de acceso en redes WLAN de grandes empresas. Un switch de chasis con un ACU2 dispone de capacidades de servicio inalámbricas y alámbricas. Esto reduce el espacio ocupado y los cables en las salas de equipos, y disminuye el costo de construcción de red.
• Capacidad de transmisión de 40 Gbit/s.
• 2048 puntos de acceso.
• 32 000 usuarios.
• Redundancia inmediata 1+1.

ACU2 Access Controller Unit1

  • ACU2 Access Controller Unit3
  • ACU2 Access Controller Unit2
  • ACU2 Access Controller Unit1

Appearance


Ports

No. Interface Quantity Description
1 USB interface 1 Connects to a USB flash drive to transfer configuration files.
2 Console interface 1 Provides a serial interface. To configure the ACU2 locally, you can log in to the local ACU2 by connecting a cable between the serial interface on the host and the console interface on the ACU2.
3 Ethernet interface 1 Provides a GE interface. To configure the ACU2, you can log in to the ACU2 through Telnet.
4 GE interface 3 Reserved interface


Indicator Description

No. Indicator/Button Color Description
1 RST - The Reset button is used for resetting cards manually. Resetting a card interrupts services. Confirm the action before you press this button.
2 USB Off In the current version, the USB indicator remains off.
3 ACT Amber When the indicator blinks, data is being transmitted or received.
When the indicator is off, no data is being transmitted or received.
4 LINK Green-yellow When the indicator is on, the link is connected. When the indicator is off, the link is blocked.
5 RUN/ALM Green When the indicator is on, the board is powered on but the software is not running.
When the indicator blinks once every 2s (0.5 Hz), the system is running properly.
When the indicator blinks once every 0.25s (4 Hz), the system is starting.
Red When the indicator is on, the board is faulty.
Orange When the indicator is on, the board is installed in the slot and is powered on.

High access capacity and processing capability

  • An ACU2 can manage a maximum of 2048 APs (packet forwarding over 2048 tunnels) and supports a maximum of 32K STAs.
  • The ACU2 provides nearly 40 Gbit/s line-speed forwarding capacity.


Independent service unit, facilitating centralized deployment and capacity expansion

  • The ACU2 provides access control capabilities on an enterprise wireless network. An aggregation switch with ACU2s provides both wireless and wired service capabilities, reducing space occupied and cables in equipment rooms and lowering network construction cost.
  • You can install multiple ACU2s on a switch to manage Nx2048 APs. (N is the number of ACU2s.)


Flexible user policy management and authority control capabilities

  • The ACU2 implements per-user access control based on ACLs, VLAN IDs, and bandwidth limits sent from the RADIUS server.
  • You can define user groups for users of different rules and apply access control policies to the user groups. Access of users in a user group is controlled based on the ACL, user isolation policy, and bandwidth limit applied to the user group. You can configure inter-group user isolation or intra-group user isolation as required to implement access control.


Visualized WLAN network management and maintenance

  • The ACU2 and APs establish a fit AP+AC networking for centralized AP management, facilitating network management and maintenance. Huawei AC and AP products support standard Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP), which helps display topology of wired and wireless networks for visualized management and maintenance.

Switching and forwarding features

Feature Description
Ethernet features Ethernet Jumbo frames
Link aggregation
Load balancing among links of a trunk
Interface isolation and forwarding restriction
Broadcast storm suppression
VLAN Access modes of access, trunk, and hybrid
Default VLAN
MAC Automatic learning and aging of MAC addresses
Static, dynamic, and blackhole MAC address entries
Packet filtering based on source MAC addresses
Interface-based MAC learning limiting
ARP Static and dynamic ARP entries
ARP in a VLAN
Aging of ARP entries
LLDP LLDP
Ethernet loop protection MSTP STP
RSTP
MSTP
BPDU protection, root protection, and loop protection
Partitioned STP
IPv4 forwarding IPv4 features ARP and RARP
ARP proxy
Auto-detection
NAT
Unicast routing features Static route
RIP-1 and RIP-2
OSPF
BGP
IS-IS
Routing policies and policy-based routing
URPF check
DHCP client, server and relay
DHCP snooping
Multicast routing features IGMPv1, IGMPv2, and IGMPv3
PIM-SM
Multicast routing policies
RPF
IPv6 forwarding IPv6 features ND Protocol
Unicast routing features Static route
RIPng
OSPFv3
BGP4+
IS-IS IPv6
DHCPv6
DHCPv6 Snooping
Multicast routing features MLD
Device reliability BFD BFD
Layer 2 multicast features Layer 2 multicast IGMP snooping
Prompt leave
Multicast traffic control
Inter-VLAN multicast replication
Ethernet OAM EFM OAM Neighbor discovery
Link monitoring
Fault notification
Remote loopback
QoS features Traffic classification Traffic classification based on the combination of the L2 protocol header, IP 5-tuple, and 802.1p priority
Action Access control after traffic classification
Traffic policing based on traffic classification
Re-marking packets based on traffic classifiers
Class-based packet queuing
Associating traffic classifiers with traffic behaviors
Queue scheduling PQ scheduling
DRR scheduling
PQ+DRR scheduling
WRR scheduling
PQ+WRR scheduling
Congestion avoidance SRED
WRED
Configuration and maintenance Terminal service Configurations using command lines
Error message and help information in English
Configurations using Web Platform
Login through console and Telnet terminals
Send function and data communications between terminal users
File system File systems
Directory and file management
File uploading and downloading using FTP and TFTP
Debugging and maintenance Unified management over logs, alarms, and debugging information
Electronic labels
User operation logs
Detailed debugging information for network fault diagnosis
Network test tools such as traceroute and ping commands
Interface mirroring and flow mirroring
Version upgrade Device software loading and online software loading
BootROM online upgrade
In-service patching
Security and management System security Different user levels for commands, preventing unauthorized users from accessing device
SSHv2.0
RADIUS and HWTACACS authentication for login users
ACL filtering
DHCP packet filtering (with the Option 82 field)
Defense against control packet attacks
Defenses against attacks such as source address spoofing, Land, SYN flood (TCP SYN), Smurf, ping flood (ICMP echo), Teardrop, and Ping of Death attacks
IPSec
Network management ICMP-based ping and traceroute
SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3
Standard MIB
RMON


AP Management Specifications

Feature

Description

AP access control

Displays MAC addresses or SNs of APs in the whitelist.
Adds a single AP or multiple APs (by specifying a range of MAC addresses or SNs) to the whitelist.
Automatically discovering and manually confirming APs.
Automatically discovering APs without manually confirming them.

AP region management

Supports three AP region deployment modes:
Distributed deployment: APs are deployed independently. An AP is equivalent to a region and does not interfere with other APs. APs work at the maximum power and do not perform radio calibration.
Common deployment: APs are loosely deployed. The transmit power of each radio is less than 50% of the maximum transmit power.
Centralized deployment: APs are densely deployed. The transmit power of each radio is less than 25% of the maximum transmit power.
Specifies the default region to which automatically discovered APs are added.

AP profile management

Specifies the default AP profile that is applied to automatically discovered APs.

AP type management

Manages AP attributes including the number of interfaces, AP types, number of radios, radio types, maximum number of virtual access points (VAPs), maximum number of associated users, and radio gain (for APs deployed indoors).
Provides default AP types.
Supports user-defined AP types.

Network topology management

Supports LLDP topology detection.

Radio Management Specifications

Feature

Description

Radio profile management

The following parameters can be configured in a radio profile:
Radio working mode and rate
Automatic or manual channel and power adjustment mode
Radio calibration interval
The radio type can be set to 802.11n, 802.11b/g/n, or 802.11a/n.
The radio type can be set to 802.11n, 802.11b/g/n, 802.11a/n, or 802.11ac.
You can bind a radio to a specified radio profile.

Unified static configuration of parameters

Radio parameters such as the channel and power of each radio are configured on the AC and then delivered to APs.

Dynamic management

APs can automatically select working channels and power when they go online.
In an AP region, APs automatically adjust working channels and power in the event of signal interference:
Partial calibration: The optimal working channel and power of a specified AP can be adjusted.
Global calibration: The optimal working channels and power of all the APs in a specified region can be adjusted.
When an AP is removed or goes offline, the AC increases the power of neighboring APs to compensate for the coverage hole.
Automatic selection and calibration of radio parameters in AP regions are supported.

Enhanced service capabilities

The AC supports 802.1a/b/g/n/ac. These modes can be used independently or jointly (a\n, b\g, b\g\n, and g\n).
The AC preferentially uses the 5 GHz frequency band for STAs.
2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency load balancing


WLAN Service Management Specifications

Feature

Description

ESS management

Allows you to enable SSID broadcast, set the maximum number of access users, and set the association aging time in an ESS.

Isolates APs at Layer 2 in an ESS.

Maps an ESS to a service VLAN.

Associates an ESS with a security profile or a QoS profile.

Enables IGMP for APs in an ESS.

VAP-based service management

Adds multiple VAPs at a time by binding radios to ESSs.

Displays information about a single VAP, VAPs with a specified ESS, or all VAPs.

Supports configuration of offline APs.

Creates VAPs according to batch delivered service provisioning rules in automatic AP discovery mode.

Service provisioning management

Supports service provisioning rules configured for a specified radio of a specified AP type.

Adds automatically discovered APs to the default AP region. The default AP region is configurable.

Applies a service provisioning rule to a region to enable APs in the region to go online.

Multicast service management

Supports IGMP snooping.

Supports IGMP proxy.

Load balancing

Performs load balancing among radios in a load balancing group.

Supports two load balancing modes:

Based on the number of STAs connected to each radio

Based on the traffic volume on each radio

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

Identification of device types according to the OUI in the MAC address

Identification of device types according to the user agent (UA) field in an HTTP packet

Identification of device types according to DHCP Option information

Carrying of device type information in RADIUS authentication and accounting packets

Positioning services

Locating AeroScout and Ekahau tags

Locating Wi-Fi terminals

Spectrum analysis

Identification of the following interference sources: bluetooth, microwave ovens, cordless phones, ZigBee, game controller, 2.4 GHz/5 GHz wireless audio and video devices, and baby monitors.

Working with the eSight to locate the interference sources and display spectrum.

QOS

Feature

Description

WMM profile management

Enables or disables Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM).

Allows a WMM profile to be applied to radios of multiple APs.

Traffic profile management

Manages traffic from APs and maps packet priorities according to traffic profiles.

Applies a QoS policy to each ESS by binding a traffic profile to each ESS.

AC traffic control

Manages QoS profiles.

Uses ACLs to perform traffic classification.

Limits the incoming traffic rate on each physical port based on inbound CAR parameters and limits the outgoing traffic rate based on outbound CAR or traffic shaping parameters.

Limits incoming and outgoing traffic rates for each user based on inbound and outbound CAR parameters.

Limits the traffic rate based on ESSs or VAPs.

AP traffic control

Controls traffic of multiple users and allows users to share bandwidth.

Limits the rate of a specified VAP.

Packet priority configuration

Sets the QoS priority (IP precedence or DSCP priority) for CAPWAP control channels.

Sets the QoS priority for CAPWAP data channels:

Allows you to specify the CAPWAP header priority.

Maps 802.1p priorities of user packets to ToS priorities of tunnel packets.

Airtime scheduling

Allocates equal time to users for occupying the channel, which improves users' Internet access experience.


WLAN Security Specifications

Feature

Description

WLAN security profile management

Manages authentication and encryption modes using WLAN security profiles.

Binds security profiles to ESS profiles.

Authentication modes

Open system authentication with no encryption

WEP authentication/encryption

WPA/WPA2 authentication and encryption:

WPA/WPA2-PSK+TKIP

WPA/WPA2-PSK+CCMP

WPA/WPA2-802.1x+TKIP

WPA/WPA2-802.1x+CCMP

WAPI authentication and encryption:

Supports centralized WAPI authentication.

Supports three-certificate WAPI authentication, which is compatible with traditional two-certificate authentication.

Issues a certificate file together with a private key.

Allows users to use MAC addresses as accounts for authentication by the RADIUS server.

Portal authentication:

Allows an AC to function as a portal gateway.

Prohibits an AC from functioning as a portal gateway.

Supports only Layer 2 portal.

Combined authentication

Combined MAC authentication:

PSK+MAC authentication

MAC+portal authentication:

MAC authentication is used first. When MAC authentication fails, portal authentication is used.

This type of authentication applies only to centralized forwarding.

AAA

Local authentication/local accounts (MAC addresses and accounts)

RADIUS authentication

Multiple authentication servers:

Supports backup authentication servers.

Specifies authentication servers based on account.

Configures authentication servers based on account.

Binds user accounts to SSIDs.

Security isolation

Port-based isolation

User group-based isolation

WIDS

Rouge device scan, identification, defense, and countermeasures, which includes dynamic blacklist configuration and detection of rogue APs, STAs, and network attacks.

Authority control

ACL limit based on the following:

Port

User group

User

Other security features

SSID hiding

IP source guard:

Configures IP and MAC binding entries statically.

Generates IP and MAC binding entries dynamically.


WLAN user management specifications

Feature

Description

Address allocation of wireless users

Functions as a DHCP server to assign IP addresses to wireless users.

WLAN user management

Supports user blacklist and whitelist.

Controls the number of access users:

Based on APs

Based on SSIDs

Logs out users in any of the following ways:

Using RADIUS DM messages

Using commands

Supports various methods to view information:

Allows you to view the user status by specifying the user MAC address, AP ID, radio ID, or WLAN ID.

Displays the number of online users in an ESS, AP, or radio.

Collects packet statistics on air interface based on user.

WLAN user roaming

Supports intra-AC Layer 2 roaming.

NOTE

Users can roam between APs connected to different physical ports on an AC.

Supports inter-VLAN Layer 3 roaming on an AC.

Supports roaming between ACs.

Supports fast key negotiation in 802.1x authentication.

Authenticates users who request to reassociate with the AC and rejects the requests of unauthorized users.

Delays clearing user information after a user goes offline so that the user can rapidly go online again.

User group management

Supports ACLs.

Supports user isolation:

Inter-group isolation

Intra-group isolation

Physical Specifications

Item Description
Board dimensions 35.56 mm x 380.00 mm x 378.45 mm (height x width x depth)
Maximum power consumption 168 W
Board weight 3.2 kg


System Configuration

Item Specifications

Processor

Two multi-core CPUs. Each CPU is configured with 16 cores. The dominant frequency is 600 MHz.

DDR2 DRAM

16 GB (8 bit, 2 x 4 GB). Each CPU is connected to a 8-GB memory.

Flash

64 MB

NAND FLASH

512 MB

Forwarding capability

40 Gbit/s


Protocol and Management Capabilities

Parameter Specifications
Number of managed APs 2K
Number of access users Entire device: 32K
Single AP: a maximum of 256 (depending on the AP model)
Number of MAC address entries 32K
Number of VLANs 4K
Number of routing entries 16K

Number of ARP entries

32K

Number of multicast forwarding entries 2K
Number of DHCP IP address pools 256 IP address pools, each of which contains a maximum of 16K IP addresses
Number of local users 1000
Number of ACLs 32K
Number of ESSIDs 8K
User group management 128 user groups
Each user group can reference a maximum of eight ACLs.
Each user group can associate with a maximum of 128 ACL rules.


Wireless Networking Capabilities

Feature

Specifications

Networking between APs and ACs

APs and ACs can be connected through a Layer 2 or Layer 3 network.

APs can be directly connected to an AC.

APs are deployed on a private network, while ACs are deployed on the public network to implement NAT traversal.

ACs can be used for Layer 2 bridge forwarding or Layer 3 routing.

Forwarding mode

Direct forwarding (distributed forwarding or local forwarding)

Tunnel forwarding (centralized forwarding)

Centralized authentication and distributed forwarding

Before users are authenticated, tunnel forwarding is used. After users are authenticated, local forwarding is used.

Wireless networking mode

WDS bridging:

Point-to-point (P2P) wireless bridging

Point-to-multipoint (P2MP) wireless bridging

Automatic topology detection and loop prevention (STP)

Wireless mesh network

Access authentication for mesh devices

Mesh routing algorithm

Go-online without configuration

AC discovery

An AP can obtain the device's IP address in any of the following ways:

Static configuration

DHCP

DNS

The AC uses DHCP or DHCPv6 to allocate IP addresses to APs.

DHCP or DHCPv6 relay is supported.

On a Layer 2 network, APs can discover the AC by sending broadcast CAPWAP packets.

CAPWAP tunnel

Centralized CAPWAP

CAPWAP control tunnel and data tunnel (optional)

CAPWAP tunnel forwarding and direct forwarding in an extended service set (ESS)

Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) encryption, which is enabled by default for the CAPWAP control tunnel

Heartbeat detection and tunnel reconnection

Active and standby ACs

Enables and disables the switchback function.

Supports load balancing.

Supports 1+1 hot backup.

Supports N+1 backup.

Application Scenarios

The ACU2 is connected to an aggregation switch in chain or branched mode.


The ACU2 processes both control flows and data flows. Management flows must be transmitted over Control And Provisioning of Wireless Access Points (CAPWAP) tunnels. Data flows can be transmitted over CAPWAP tunnels or not, as required.


The CAPWAP protocol defines how APs communicate with ACs and provides a general encapsulation and transmission mechanism for communication between APs and ACs. CAPWAP defines data tunnels and control tunnels.


Data tunnels encapsulate 802.11 data packets to be sent to the AC.


Control tunnels transmit control flows for remote AP configuration and WLAN management.


Two forwarding modes are available according to whether data flows are transmitted on CAPWAP tunnels:


Direct forwarding: is also called local or distributed forwarding.


Tunnel forwarding: is also called centralized forwarding. It is usually used to control wireless user traffic in a centralized manner.



Typical Networking of the ACU2

Deployment of the ACU2 in a WLAN (AC + fit AP) networking:


Different from an individual case-shaped AC, the ACU2 is installed on a switch. The ACU2 supports two deployment modes:


Layer 2 chain deployment mode: as shown above in the left part of Figure


The ACU2 is installed on an aggregation switch to manage APs connected to the aggregation switch directly or through an access switch.


In this deployment mode, the network between aggregation switches (ACs) and APs is a Layer 2 network.


Layer 3 branched deployment mode, as shown above in the right part of Figure


The ACU2 is installed on an aggregation switch other than the aggregation switch connected to APs. APs communicate with the ACU2 through the local aggregation switch. In this deployment mode, the network between ACs and APs is a Layer 3 network.



ACU2Forwarding Mode


Direct Forwarding


In direct forwarding mode, wireless user service data is translated from 802.3 packets into 802.11 packets, which are then forwarded by an uplink aggregation switch.


The branched networking mode is often used on enterprise networks. Wireless user service data does not need to be processed by an AC, eliminating the bandwidth bottleneck and facilitating the usage of existing security policies. Therefore, this networking mode is recommended.



Tunnel Forwarding


In tunnel forwarding mode, wireless user service data is transmitted between APs and ACs over CAPWAP tunnels.


Both control flows and service data flows are transmitted in CAPWAP tunnels. APs send data packets to the switch where the ACU2 is installed, and the ACU2 decapsulates the packets and forwards the packets.


Traffic from wireless users under all APs is aggregated to the AC through CAPWAP tunnels to implement centralized traffic control.